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Non Verbal Signals

Moderate signal

Breathing Rate

The speed and depth of breathing, which shifts with calm and with arousal.

Voice

Channel

Moderate

Reliability

Moderate

Difficulty to Read

Example

As a tense topic arises the breaths become shorter and higher in the chest.

How to Read It

Quick shallow breathing can signal stress, while slow deep breathing suggests calm.

A Word of Caution

Exertion and health affect breathing, so rule out physical causes first.

Related Cues

Paralanguage

The vocal qualities around words, including tone, pitch, pace and volume.

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Silence and Pauses

The meaningful use of quiet within speech, which can carry weight, doubt or emphasis.

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Appearance and Dress

The signals sent by clothing, grooming and self presentation.

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