Judging probabilities based on similarity to a prototype rather than actual statistics.
Creates stereotyping, bad hiring decisions, and explains why profiling feels 'intuitive' but is often wrong.
This heuristic makes people terrible at estimating base rates. We judge by how 'typical' something seems, not how common it actually is.
"Good news: You're not as unique as you think. Bad news: You're not as rational as you think either."
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